Archive for THE KOMBI KONNECTION The forum for owners and those who would like to be owners of the worlds most popular
camper, bus and van.
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Westair
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Motoring Terms and AbbreviationsSome commonly used auto abbreviations- there are hundreds but fortunately with Type 2s they are still driven by "drivers" and person behind the wheel is not ordered around by computers
PCD Pitch circle Diameter- Stud or bolt hole placement in road wheel
Boxer- Horizontally opposed motor as in VW , Porsche, Jowett, Commer
ABS Anti Braking system or Anti lock Braking system originally German
Anti-blockier system
AWD Modern term for a type of 4WD but usually varied power to all
wheels to give maximum traction -Subaru and now many others
4WD Constant as in Range Rover, Lada and some others, on demand in
many
EBA Electronic Brake Assist
NOs New old stock- supposedly original parts but depends!
TDC Top dead centre- position of piston at top of stroke
OEM Original equipment manufacturer
RON Rated Octane number
RPM Revolutions per minute
Tacho Tachometer or Revolution counter
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aussiebug
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A correction and a little history.
Correction - RON is the Research Octane Number, not Rated Octane Number as stated above.
The other method of measuring octane is the Motor Octane Number MON. Both methods use the same test engine but the MON is a more severe test which more closely approximates conditions on the road. It produces a lower number for the same fuel, when compared to the RON.
In the USA, a combination of the two is used RON+MON divided by 2. The resulting number is called Pump Octane or AKI (Anti Knock Index).
For the VW - 91RON equates to about 87AKI in the USA.
re the history bit...
The Boxer Engine description was in fact first used to describe the German Junkers engine of the 1930s which had two pistons facing each other in the same cylinder, with a crankshaft at each end of the cylinder, geared together. When the pistons moved in/out of the cylinder together they were "boxing" at each other. True boxer engines include the British Delta Diesel train engine of the 60s - 18 cylinders in three lines of 6, with each 6 cylinders making the side of a triangle. 36 pistons and three crankshafts all linked together, with a turbo charger in the middle of the triangle. The combustion chambers are between each set of two pistons in the middle of each cylinder. The crankshafts were offset about 20 degrees to each other so the pistons were not exactly in opposition - this made it possible to have the inlets controlled by one set of pistons and the exhaust ports controlled by the other set of pistons in the same cylinder, making a uniflow design with no overlap of exhaust/inlet opening as currently happens in all piston ported normal two-stroke engines.
Another variation of this concept is the Doxford Pattern engine - often used on ships of the 40s to 60s. This engine had one set of pistons, but the cylinder heads were also moved up and down into the cylinders (boxing at the pistons) a small distance, and were controlled by a second set of con rods working on separate cranks on the crankshaft. Once again these were two stroke engines with the moving heads and pistons slightly out of synch so they could have uniflow porting with no overlap of exhaust and inlet. One Doxford pattern engine I saw in about 1968 was in a 5,000 ton ship. It made 2,500hp at 247rpm. It idled (still pushing the ship - it was direct drive - no gearbox) at about 10rpm! To reverse, the engine was stopped and then re-started in reverse.
The boxer concept was quickly turned around in the 30s so that any horizontally opposed engine was called a boxer engine.
Probably more than you needed to know, but... 
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Brookie
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Great info- feel free
Was the "knocker Commer" a boxer then?
See I am older than both of you
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aussiebug
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| Brookie wrote: | Great info- feel free
Was the "knocker Commer" a boxer then?
See I am older than both of you
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That I don't know - I've never seen a Commer Knocker up close. They were called Knockers because of the knocking sounds they made - apparently they always sounded like the engine was about to rattle itself to pieces, but they never did.
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Brookie
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One of the most reliable engines ever built-
TS3
The TS3 engine was a two stroke diesel unit with three cylinders each containing a pair of pistons arranged with the combustion chamber formed between the crown of the piston pair and the cylinder walls. It was designed specifically for the Commer range of trucks.
The TS3 and derivative TS4 were unique in using rockers to deliver power to the single crankshaft.
The TS4 was a 4 cylinder verson- it ran 1.2 million miles as a pre-production prototype.
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